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Archives Volume-8, Issue-1 (January-June)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paper Title:
A PERSPECTIVE ON SINGLE ECONOMIC ENTITY IN THE CONTEXT OF INSOLVENCY LAW IN INDIA
Author Name:
Ambar Zahra
Country:
India
Page No.:
1-7
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A PERSPECTIVE ON SINGLE ECONOMIC ENTITY IN THE CONTEXT OF INSOLVENCY LAW IN INDIA
Author: Ambar Zahra

Introduction
While the mainstream economic thought throws light upon the inadequacy of resources to full fill the
unlimited wants, the mainstream legal thought has the central problem of inadequacy of freedom to
pursue economic interest meaning fully.1
A firm needs freedom at three stages of business, free entry into the market, free competition and free
exit. This freedom ensures optimum utilization of resources in the economy. The first stage ensures
allocation of resources to the most efficient use, the second stage ensures efficient use of resources
allocated, and the third stage ensures release of resources from inefficient uses.
In India the Companies Act, 2013, The Competition Act 2002 and the Insolvency and Bankruptcy
Code (IBC) 2016, are the three most important pillars of legislation that empower the central
government to regulate the formation, financing, functioning and winding up of companies.
While the Company Act 2013 belongs to the rules and regulations that lead to the first stage of
business activities i.e. free entry into the market, Competition ACT 2002 deals with the rules and
regulations that provide freedom to the enterprise to continue his business, the IBC 2016 insures
release of inefficient resources from market through its resolution and liquidation mechanism.
The Code provides such a market mechanism for (a) rescuing a failing, but viable firm; and (b)
liquidating an unviable one and releasing its resources, including entrepreneur(s), for competing uses,
and thereby provides the freedom to exit, the ultimate freedom. Presently the IBC provides for a
variety of plans for the resolution of individual stressed companies only. However, it does not
envisage a framework to either synchronise insolvency proceedings of different corporate debtors in a
group or resolve their insolvencies together. However, in the insolvency resolution of some corporate
debtors, including Videocon, Era infrastructure, Lanco, Educomp, Amtek, Adel, Jaypee and Aircel,
special issues arose from their interconnections with other group companies. In some of these cases,
the Adjudicating Authority (AA) under the Code i.e., National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) as
well as the Supreme Court, in some cases, have passed orders to partially ameliorate some such
issues. This highlights the need to examine the desirability and feasibility of having a group
insolvency framework.

Paper Title:
A STUDY ON GREEN BANKING INITIATIVES AMONG SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS IN INDIA
Author Name:
Arun Devapura W , Veena M. D' Almeida
Country:
India
Page No.:
8-14
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A STUDY ON GREEN BANKING INITIATIVES AMONG SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS IN INDIA
Author: Arun Devapura W , Veena M. D' Almeida

ABSTRACT
A place where the Lifeblood of any economic activity is available and is also the major economic
agent, and the role of Banking towards upliftment of everyone's growth is too vast. As the things are
getting mechanized by every now and then, and are focusing on saving planet and going green. The
concept of „Green‟ is given more importance. So, an initiative measures are taken to promote greenery
in banking sector through coining a term as „Green Banking‟. The concept of green banking helps to
create cleaner and greener future as Green Banking has direct impact on the environment. The present
study is an attempt to know the initiatives taken by the Indian banks specially covering few public and
private sector Banks in India in the area of Green banking. This paper also makes am attempt to tell
about the ways to go green through „Green Banking‟.
KEYWORDS: environment, banking, green banking, Indian banks initiative

Paper Title:
ACCESSING THE AWARENESS LEVELS OF GOAL BASED FINANCIAL PLANNING AMONG INDIVIDUALS IN NAGPUR CITY
Author Name:
Monica Bhagat, Tanay Kurode
Country:
India
Page No.:
15-20
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ACCESSING THE AWARENESS LEVELS OF GOAL BASED FINANCIAL PLANNING AMONG INDIVIDUALS IN NAGPUR CITY
Author: Monica Bhagat, Tanay Kurode

Abstract
This study focuses on what is referred to as Personal financial planning focusing goals i.e. investment
in different financial products aimed primarily at goal based investing rather than just investing into
financial products without realizing target or goal. By virtue of this the words investing and goal
based financial planning come closer in meaning than traditionally seen. However, a slight difference
still remains which is that while investing is simply investing funds for future without realizing goals,
goal based investment also involves mobilizing fund so that it can be used to achieve targeted goals.
This study examines the awareness of individual investors for investment in financial products for
achieving their goals. The study also looks into the basic financial literacy amongst the people
Keywords: financial goals, financial planning. Goal based investing

Paper Title:
ROLE OF DIGITAL BANKING IN INDIA
Author Name:
Gursimran Kaur
Country:
India
Page No.:
21-24
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ROLE OF DIGITAL BANKING IN INDIA
Author: Gursimran Kaur

Abstract
The information technology has revolutionized various aspects of our life. The world at large is
rapidly entering into the „Net Age.‟ The internet or simply „Net‟ is an inter connection of computer
communication networks covering on the whole world. The growth and expansion of Internet and
Information technology have facilitated the emergence of E-commerce. Internet banking or E-banking
has attracted the attention of banks, securities, insurance companies in developing nations since the
late 1990‟s and the rapid and significant growth in electronic sectors and commerce it‟s obvious that
electronic (online internet) banking and payments are likely to advance or rapidly increased. The
major idea is to provide services to the customer through the internet and make the customer feel
flexible in calling out simple tasks faster instead of making visits to bank frequently. The principal
type of banking services include automated teller machines (ATM‟s), shared ATM networks,
electronic funds transfer at point of sale, smart cards, stored value cards phone banking and internet
baking. Thus, practice of baking has undergone a significant transformation due to adoption of Ebanking. The study focuses on highlighting the role of digital banking or E-banking and it‟s role in
banking system. This paper elaborates the role of net banking in banking system and how it proves to
be useful for the customers as well as the banks and also explains the problems faced by the users and
it‟s impact on our economy. The study concludes by explaining the major role of digital banking in
the banking system. The study reveals an observation that access to digital banking and it‟s role in
baking system is the only enabling factor to economic development.
Keywords
Revolution, Significant transformation, Economical impact, Communication networks

Paper Title:
PERFORMANCE OF NIFTY AND SENSEX IN PRE AND POST COVID-19 LOCKDOWN
Author Name:
Dr. Rakesh Kumar
Country:
India
Page No.:
25-27
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PERFORMANCE OF NIFTY AND SENSEX IN PRE AND POST COVID-19 LOCKDOWN
Author: Dr. Rakesh Kumar

Abstract
The impact of Covid-19 pandemic is also seen in the Indian stock markets similar in the lines of
global indexes. The country went into a complete lockdown for almost a period of 3 months which
has taken a toll on various economic activities. The significance downfall in the Nifty and Sensex reel
the investors from March, 2020 i.e. in the initial period of lockdown announced by the Govt. of India.
Similarly the bounce back to pre-covid levels has left many investors in ambiguity. It indicates that
the markets are not predicting what will happen. Many discussions and articles talks about what could
be a possible explanation to the path markets followed since the announcement of lockdown in India.
The overall economy of India showing declining trend in the entire lockdown period. Indian stock
markets significantly improved after the different pre-opening phases announced by the
government. So the present research paper focuses on the impact of Covid-19 on Indian Stock
Market. In this paper, the analysis is made in terms of market turnover and growth of share market.
Keywords: Market capitalization, Covid-19, Nifty, Sensex, Stock Markets

Paper Title:
UNDERLYING REASONS BEHIND STRESSED ASSETS IN BANKING SECTOR IN INDIA: AN OVERVIEW
Author Name:
Anil K. Angrish, Sanjeev K. Bansal
Country:
India
Page No.:
28-32
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UNDERLYING REASONS BEHIND STRESSED ASSETS IN BANKING SECTOR IN INDIA: AN OVERVIEW
Author: Anil K. Angrish, Sanjeev K. Bansal

Abstract
In every country, stressed assets present numerous challenges for the banking sector regulator as well
as the overall economy. The long-term stability of a bank can be jeopardised by stressed assets.
Demands on the infusion of more capital, and support from the banking sector due to inadequate
liquidity to revive the economy get affected. In this paper, the authors have dealt with the issue of
stressed assets with specific reference to the banking sector in India. Gross NPAs of the Public Sector
Banks (PSBs), and the underlying reasons behind these NPAs have been elaborated especially the role
of financial frauds in the recent past.
Keywords: Banking Sector, Stressed Assets, NPA, RBI.

Paper Title:
GOODS AND SERVICE TAX (GST) IN INDIAN ECONOMY AND ITS IMPACT ON MICRO SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
Author Name:
Sanket L. Charkha
Country:
India
Page No.:
33-37
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GOODS AND SERVICE TAX (GST) IN INDIAN ECONOMY AND ITS IMPACT ON MICRO SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
Author: Sanket L. Charkha

ABSTRACT
The Goods and Services Tax (GST) is the largest tax reform in India since independence, and it is
planned to revolutionized the Indian tax system. It would incorporate and simplify the indirect
taxation process, replacing complex taxes such as state VAT, central excise, service tax, entry tax or
octroi, and other indirect taxes. GST represents a significant shift from state-by-state taxation to a
single-nation, single-tax structure that affects a variety of business factors such as portability,
cashflow, and sourcing, pricing, and supply chain. The main goal of this system is to eliminate all
indirect taxes and replace them with a single GST. As the name implies, the GST may be applied to
all goods and services. GST is a tax that must be paid on the supply of goods and services. GST is
payable by someone who presents or offers goods and services. The effect of GST on MSME's is
highlighted in the paper. MSMEs in India are significant contributors to the Indian economy and
growth engines. Because of its low capital intensity and high labour absorption. The MSME sector
has contributed significantly to the country's manufacturing output, job creation, rural
industrialization, and exports. Only agriculture provides more job opportunities than this industry.
Around 120 million people are estimated to be employed in the industry, which accounts for around
46% of India's total exports.
Key Words: Goods and Service Tax (GST), MSME, Indian Economy,

Paper Title:
TAX-EFFECT VERSUS INCOME-EFFECT AND NONDISCRETIONARY BOOK TO TAX DIFFERENCES: EVIDENCE FROM TUNISIA
Author Name:
Kasraoui Abdelkader, Naoui Kamel
Country:
India
Page No.:
38-47
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TAX-EFFECT VERSUS INCOME-EFFECT AND NONDISCRETIONARY BOOK TO TAX DIFFERENCES: EVIDENCE FROM TUNISIA
Author: Kasraoui Abdelkader, Naoui Kamel

Abstract
The difference between the accounting standards and the tax legislation generates a divergence in
income calculation process. This study aims to investigate the non-discretionary book to tax
differences in the Tunisian context. Using a panel data of 31 Tunisian listed companies on the Tunis
Stock Exchange over a period of 2010-2016, we estimate the taxable income for each firm-year to
calculate the difference between the book income before tax and the tax income named "Incomeeffect" and we determine the difference between the theoretical tax on book income before tax and
the tax payable named “Tax-effect”.Secondly, we model the book to tax differences by four
explanatory variables (Change in Net Sales, Profitability, Change in intangible assets and Dividends
received) . Our findings confirm that the “Tax-effect” is a powerful response variable used for the
non-discretionary book to tax differences in Tunisia.
Keywords: Income-effect, Tax-effect, Book to tax differences

Paper Title:
IMPACT OF COVID -19 PANDEMIC ON TEACHING &LEARNING
Author Name:
Amarjyoti
Country:
India
Page No.:
48-51
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IMPACT OF COVID -19 PANDEMIC ON TEACHING &LEARNING
Author: Amarjyoti

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created the largest disruption of education systems in human history,
affecting nearly 1.6 billion learners in more than 200 countries. Closures of schools, institutions and
other learning spaces have impacted more than 94% of the world’s student population. This has
brought far-reaching changes in all aspects of our lives. Social distancing and restrictive movement
policies have significantly disturbed traditional educational practices. Reopening of schools after
relaxation of restriction is another challenge with many new standard operating procedures put in
place. Within a short span of the COVID-19 pandemic, many researchers have shared their works on
teaching and learning in different ways. Several schools, colleges and universities have discontinued
face-to-face teachings. There is a fear of losing 2020 academic year or even more in the coming
future. The need of the hour is to innovate and implement alternative educational system and
assessment strategies. The COVID-19 pandemic has provided us with an opportunity to pave the way
for introducing digital learning. This article aims to provide a comprehensive report on the impact of
the COVID-19 pandemic on online teaching and learning .Online learning during the covid-19
pandemic has resulted in psychological impacts on students, such as stress, fear, anxiety, depression,
and burned out
Keywords: Covid 19 Pandemic, effects of covid 19,Opportunities and Difficulties

Paper Title:
PAYMENT BANKS: APPENDAGE OF INFINITESIMAL FINANCIAL EXPANSIONISM IN INDIA
Author Name:
Shubhashri Bose
Country:
India
Page No.:
52-55
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PAYMENT BANKS: APPENDAGE OF INFINITESIMAL FINANCIAL EXPANSIONISM IN INDIA
Author: Shubhashri Bose

ABSTRACT
Payment Banks, the new entrants in the financial market in India set up with the object for
financial inclusion of large majority are highly regulated offering services more than a digital
wallet has grown enormously in terms of low value transactions and number of account
holders. Differentiated Licensing by RBI of these Banks also curtails their earning sources
and they essentially function as Platform Business Model. These banks can partner to
commercial banks but cannot extend lending facilities or credit card. The paper provides
insight to concept, conditions, features services offered, and the challenges faced by these
payment banks in our financial system.
Key Terms: Financial Services, Credit Risk, Deposits, Business Correspondent

Paper Title:
CORPORATE INTERNET REPORTING AND SMALL INVESTORS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE DESIRABILITY OF ONLINE DISCLOSURE PRACTICES
Author Name:
Balraj Singh
Country:
India
Page No.:
56-63
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CORPORATE INTERNET REPORTING AND SMALL INVESTORS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE DESIRABILITY OF ONLINE DISCLOSURE PRACTICES
Author: Balraj Singh

ABSTRACT
Internet-based corporate disclosure is becoming an important way for companies to share
financial information with stakeholders. It offers many advantages such as easy access, quick
sharing of information, lower communication costs, and attractive presentation of data. These
features help companies build transparency and improve accountability.
This study focuses on the views of small investors about the usefulness of corporate
disclosure on company websites. A survey was conducted among educated and internetaware investors in Punjab and Chandigarh. The results show that most investors prefer to get
the same information online that is usually given in printed annual reports. They believe that
internet-based disclosure can improve corporate governance, reduce share price fluctuations,
increase transparency, and build trust in management.
Overall, the study highlights that web-based reporting is becoming an effective tool for small
investors to make better financial decisions. It also suggests the need for clear rules and
guidelines to make online disclosure more reliable.
Keywords: Corporate disclosure, Internet reporting, Small investors, Transparency, Webbased reporting, Corporate governance

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